《智慧牧場之生物姿態檢測篇》

《智慧牧場之生物心率檢測篇》

1.1牧場定位的意義

在智慧牧場解決方案中，實時檢測牲畜的活動狀況是非常重要的環節?，F在已經不是放牛和牧羊犬的時代了。面臨大范圍牧場上牲畜走失，尋找困難，過度放牧導致草場退化等問題，通過穿戴式的生物跟蹤部件，可以有效解決以上的問題。

當大量牲畜散布在地面上時，牧場管理員往往發現很難跟蹤正在發生的事情。需要一個系統來確定牲畜在任何給定時間的位置和行駛的距離。此外，跟蹤系統也會防止任何類型的盜竊，因為牧場管理員可以使用跟蹤報告來定位被盜牲畜。

1.2室外定位技術比較

目前的室外定位技術，大體上分為如下幾種類別：

基于GPS和GSM的定位在全世界被廣泛使用，可以用來確定其所連接生物的精確位置。這種器件成本低、可靠性高，并具有精確跟蹤功能。可以提供有效、實時的物體、生物的位置報告和時間信息。

該方案采用基于全球移動通信系統（GSM）技術和GPS技術的嵌入式系統。該系統安裝在生物穿戴設備中。接口GSM模塊連接到Hi3861。該系統提供以下功能：a）位置信息，b）使用短信進行實時跟蹤。

3.1SIM808模塊調制解調器模塊

可以選用GSM、GPRS、GPS三合一功能的SIM808模塊。支持GSM/GPRS Quad-Band網絡，結合GPS技術進行衛星導航。它具有睡眠模式下的超低功耗，并集成了鋰離子電池充電電路，使其具有超長的待機時間，方便使用可充電鋰離子電池的項目。它具有高 GPS 接收靈敏度，具有 22 個跟蹤和 66 個采集接收器通道。模塊通過 UART（編者注：Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter 通用異步接收器/發送器的英文縮寫） 由 AT 指令控制，支持 3.3V 和 5V 邏輯電平。

GSM調制解調器的工作基于命令，命令始終以“AT開頭”（表示注意），以“＜CR＞字符結束”，例如撥號命令是ATD＜number＞；ATD7814629081；這里，撥號命令以分號（；）結束。在Hi3861的幫助下，該AT命令被提供給GSM調制解調器。GSM調制解調器在MAX 232 IC的幫助下與微控制器串行連接。GSM指定的頻率范圍為1850到1990 MHz（移動臺到基站）。

3.2 Hi3861

Hi3861開發板模組大小約2cm*5cm，是一款高度集成的2.4GHz WLAN SoC。

Hi3861芯片集成高性能32bit微處理器、擁有豐富的外設接口，芯片內置SRAM(編者注：Static Random-Access Memory 靜態隨機存取存儲器的英文縮寫)和Flash，并支持在Flash上運行程序。

Hi3861模組有2MB FLASH，352KB RAM。但我們編寫代碼時，要注意對有限資源的合理利用。

Hi3861可以說是麻雀雖小，五臟俱全。Hi3861的外設接口包括(外部主晶振為40M或者24M)：

• 2個SPI(Synchronous Peripheral Interface)

• 3個UART(Universal Asynchronous Receiver & Transmitter)

• 2個I2C(The Inter-Integrated Circuit)

• 6路PWM(Pulse Width Modulation)

• 15個GPIO(General Purpose Input/Output)

• 7路ADC(Analog to Digital Converter)

• 1個I2S接口

• 1個高速SDIO2.0(Secure Digital Input/Output)接口，最高時鐘可達50MHz;

Hi3861主控功能框架圖如下：

在該系統中，它用于同步GSM和GPS的操作。GPS連續向微控制器發送位置數據，即車輛位置的緯度和經度，而GSM從微控制器發送和接收數據。GPS調制解調器連續提供許多參數作為輸出，但只有NMEA（編者注：National Marine Electronics Association國家海洋電子協會的英文縮寫）數據被讀取并“顯示在OLED上”。將相同的數據發送給移動用戶，以便可以知道車輛的確切位置。用戶的移動號碼存儲在EEPROM（編者注：Electrically Erasable Programmable read only memory 帶電可擦可編程只讀存儲器 的英文縮寫）中。

軟件編程是用C語言完成的。GPS從衛星接收的數據（坐標）在軟件中定義。解碼NMEA（國家海洋電子協會）協議是開發該軟件的主要目的。軟件程序中應包含用戶的手機號碼，以便從我們在GSM調制解調器中使用的SIM卡接收位置值。NMEA協議由一組ASCII字符集的消息組成。GPS接收數據并以ASCII逗號分隔的消息字符串的形式顯示。$'在每條消息的開頭使用符號。位置（緯度和經度）的格式為ddmm。mmmm（度數分鐘和十進制分鐘）。軟件協議由GGA（編者注：Global Positioning System Fix Data 全球定位系統固定數據）和GLL（編者注：Geographic Position 地理位置-緯度/經度）組成。但在這個系統中，我們只使用GGA。系統流程圖如下所示：

具體代碼實現：

/***** 獲取電壓值函數 *****/
static float GetVoltage(void)
{
    unsigned int ret;
    unsigned short data;


    ret = AdcRead(WIFI_IOT_ADC_CHANNEL_5, &data, WIFI_IOT_ADC_EQU_MODEL_8, WIFI_IOT_ADC_CUR_BAIS_DEFAULT, 0xff);
    if (ret != WIFI_IOT_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("ADC Read Fail
");
    }


    return (float)data * 1.8 * 4 / 4096.0;
}


/* input:AT+CGNSINF Command Response
* output:struct GGPS_DATA
*/
static void GPS_CGNSINF_Analyze(char *origin, GGPS_DATA *gpsdata)
{
    int counter = 0;
    char tmp[150] = {0};
    char *lptr = NULL;
    char *localptr = NULL;


    lptr = (char *)strstr(origin, "+CGNSINF");
    if (lptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    } else {
        lptr += 10;
    }

    while (*lptr != '')
    {
        if (*lptr == ',' && *(lptr + 1) == ',')
        {
            tmp[counter] = *lptr;
            counter++;
            tmp[counter] = '0';
        } else if (*lptr == '
' && *(lptr + 1) == '
' && counter < 148)
        {
            tmp[counter] = '0';
            tmp[counter + 1] = ',';
            tmp[counter + 2] = 0;
            break;
        } else {
            tmp[counter] = *lptr;
        }
        lptr++;
        counter++;


        /* avoid array out of range */
        if (counter >= GNSINF_MSG_MAX_LEN){
            return;
        }


    }
    /* Clear struct data */
    memset(gpsdata, 0, sizeof( GGPS_DATA));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(tmp, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->GNSSrunstatus, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->GNSSrunstatus));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->Fixstatus, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->Fixstatus));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->UTCdatetime, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->UTCdatetime));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->latitude, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->latitude));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->logitude, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->logitude));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->altitude, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->altitude));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->speedOTG, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->speedOTG));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->course, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->course));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->fixmode, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->fixmode));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->Reserved1, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->Reserved1));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->HDOP, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->HDOP));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->PDOP, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->PDOP));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->VDOP, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->VDOP));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->Reserved2, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->Reserved2));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->satellitesinview, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->satellitesinview));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->GNSSsatellitesused, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->GNSSrunstatus));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->GLONASSsatellitesused, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->GLONASSsatellitesused));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->Reserved3, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->Reserved3));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->CN0max, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->CN0max));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->HPA, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->HPA));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, "
");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->VPA, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->VPA));
}


static void GsmCheckRingAndHanupMessage(void)
{
    if (strstr(g_uart_buff, "RING") != NULL)
    {
        printf("ring.
");
        if (GsmGetConnectSts() == false)
        {
            GsmSetRingSts(true);
        }
    }
    if (strstr(g_uart_buff, "NO CARRIER") != NULL)
    {
        printf("hang up.
");


        GsmSetHungUpSts(true);


        if (GsmGetConnectSts() == true)
        {
            GsmSetConnectSts(false);
        }
    }
}


static uint32_t GsmSendCmd(char *cmd, int len)
{
    if (cmd == NULL || len <= 0)
    {
        return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    }


    uint32_t ret = HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    static uint32_t count = 0;
    uint8_t *uart_buff_ptr = g_uart_buff;


    ret = hi_uart_write(DEMO_UART_NUM, (hi_u8 *)cmd, len);
    if (ret == HI_ERR_FAILURE)
    {
        return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    }
    printf(" SendData%d,cmd:%s.
", len, cmd);


    while (g_uartController.isReadBusy)
    {
        count++;
        if (count > UART_WAIT_COUNT_MAX)
        {
            break;
        }


    }


    if (g_uartController.isReadBusy)
    {
        printf("GsmSendCmd hi_uart_read busy return");
        return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    }
    if (!g_uartController.isReadBusy){
        usleep(100000); /* sleep 100ms */
    }


    g_uartController.isReadBusy = true;
    g_ReceivedDatalen = hi_uart_read(DEMO_UART_NUM, uart_buff_ptr, UART_BUFF_SIZE);


    if (g_ReceivedDatalen > 0)
    {
        printf(" rcvData len:%d,msg:%s.
", g_ReceivedDatalen, g_uart_buff);
        if (strstr(g_uart_buff, "OK") != NULL)
        {
            GsmCheckRingAndHanupMessage();
            memset(g_uart_buff, 0, sizeof(g_uart_buff));
            g_ReceivedDatalen = 0;
            g_uartController.isReadBusy = false;
            return HI_ERR_SUCCESS;
        }
        else
        {
            printf(" received error cmd
");
            GsmCheckRingAndHanupMessage();
            memset(g_uart_buff, 0, sizeof(g_uart_buff));
            g_ReceivedDatalen = 0;
            g_uartController.isReadBusy = false;
            return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        g_uartController.isReadBusy = false;
        printf(" SendCmd no cmd return!
");
        return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    }


    return HI_ERR_SUCCESS;
}




uint32_t GpsGetLocation(GGPS_INFO *gpsInfo)
{
    uint32_t ret = HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    static uint32_t count = 0;
    uint8_t *uart_buff_ptr = g_uart_buff;


    ret = hi_uart_write(DEMO_UART_NUM, (hi_u8 *)"AT+CGNSINF
", strlen("AT+CGNSINF
"));
    if (ret == HI_ERR_FAILURE)
    {
        return NULL;
    }


    while (g_uartController.isReadBusy)
    {
        count++;
        if (count > UART_WAIT_COUNT_MAX)
        {
            break;
        }
        usleep(100000); /* sleep 100ms */
    }


    if (g_uartController.isReadBusy)
    {
        printf("GpsGetLocation hi_uart_read busy return");
        return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    }else{
        usleep(100000); /* sleep 100ms */
    }


    g_uartController.isReadBusy = true;
    g_ReceivedDatalen = hi_uart_read(DEMO_UART_NUM, uart_buff_ptr, UART_BUFF_SIZE);


    if (g_ReceivedDatalen > 0)
    {
        printf(" rcvData len:%d,msg:%s.
", g_ReceivedDatalen, g_uart_buff);


        uint8_t *strLocation = (uint8_t *)strstr(g_uart_buff, "+CGNSINF: 1,1");


        if (strLocation != NULL)
        {
            GGPS_DATA gpsData;
            GPS_CGNSINF_Analyze((char *)g_uart_buff, &gpsData);


            printf("latitude:%s.
", gpsData.latitude);
            printf("logitude:%s.
", gpsData.logitude);


            memcpy_s(gpsInfo->UTCdatetime, sizeof(gpsInfo->UTCdatetime), gpsData.UTCdatetime, sizeof(gpsData.UTCdatetime));
            memcpy_s(gpsInfo->logitude, sizeof(gpsInfo->logitude), gpsData.logitude, sizeof(gpsData.logitude));
            memcpy_s(gpsInfo->latitude, sizeof(gpsInfo->latitude), gpsData.latitude, sizeof(gpsData.latitude));
            memcpy_s(gpsInfo->satellitesinview, sizeof(gpsInfo->satellitesinview), gpsData.satellitesinview, sizeof(gpsData.satellitesinview));


            GsmCheckRingAndHanupMessage();


            memset(g_uart_buff, 0, sizeof(g_uart_buff));
            g_ReceivedDatalen = 0;
            g_uartController.isReadBusy = false;


            return HI_ERR_SUCCESS;
        } else {
            GsmCheckRingAndHanupMessage();
            memset(g_uart_buff, 0, sizeof(g_uart_buff));
            g_ReceivedDatalen = 0;
            g_uartController.isReadBusy = false;
            return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
        }
    } else {
        printf(" SendCmd no cmd return!
");
        g_uartController.isReadBusy = false;


        return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    }
}


uint32_t GsmCallCellPhone(char *cellPhoneNumeber)
{
    uint32_t ret = HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    char sendCmd[32] = "";
    uint8_t cPhoneNumLength = strlen(cellPhoneNumeber);


    if (cPhoneNumLength < PHONE_NUMB_LEN)
    {
        return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    }


    /* Send AT+CSQ. */
    strncpy(sendCmd, "AT+CSQ
", strlen("AT+CSQ
"));
    printf(" sendCmd=%s
", sendCmd);
    ret = GsmSendCmd(sendCmd, strlen(sendCmd));
    if (ret == HI_ERR_FAILURE)
    {
        return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    }
    memset(sendCmd, 0, strlen(sendCmd));


    /* Call cellPhone Number:ATD+cellPhoneNumber. */
    snprintf(sendCmd, sizeof(sendCmd), "ATD%s;
", cellPhoneNumeber);
    printf(" sendCmd=%s
", sendCmd);
    ret = GsmSendCmd(sendCmd, strlen(sendCmd));
    if (ret == HI_ERR_FAILURE)
    {
        return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    }


    return HI_ERR_SUCCESS;
}

未完待續……