恒壓/恒流裝置優化鋰離子電池充電

　　鋰離子電池作為一種常用的儲能裝置在許多能源收集應用中應運而生。對于工程師來說，最大限度地提高電池的性能和生命周期，需要使用電池充電電路，能夠考慮到李離子電池的特殊特性。工程師可以成本有效地建立鋰離子從制造商包括模擬設備，半導體公司，飛兆半導體、富士通半導體，Intersil，線性技術，集成電路芯片技術，Micrel，計費功能，德克薩斯文書。

　　與其他許多電池技術不同，李離子電池需要在一個緊密的信封內保持充電配置文件。一個少收的鋰離子電池無法提供其額定輸出能量。另一方面，充電電路不能將李離子電池電壓超過推薦的限制，也不能應用超過制造商推薦水平的充電電流。無論哪種情況，過電壓或過充電電流的應用開始破壞李離子電池，從而降低電池的整體壽命，甚至造成災難性的故障。對于工程師來說，最大的挑戰是充電速度和電池電壓不至細胞。

　　To achieve this balance， Li-ion charging typically follows a two-phase approach （Figure 1）。 In the first phase， typically called the constant-current， or current-limit， phase， the cell is charged at the maximum charging rate recommended by the battery manufacturer. This rate， typically called the 1C rate or fast-charging rate， is a charging current equal to the ampere-hour rating of the cell. When the cell reaches a specified set-point voltage， typically 4.2 V， cell capacity has reached only 65 percent to 70 percent of its maximum value but further fast-charging rates risk damaging the cells. As a result， charging circuits switch to the second phase， or constant-voltage phase. Here， the charging circuit will provide only enough current to maintain the voltage of the battery constant at this set-point voltage. As a result， the charging circuitry will continually reduce the charging current over time， resulting in a gradual decay of the charging current profile as shown in Figure 1.